United Provinces’ Politics, 1939: The End of the First Congress Ministry: Governors’ Fortnightly Reports and other Key Documents

United Provinces’ Politics, 1939: The End of the First Congress Ministry: Governors’ Fortnightly Reports and other Key Documents

By- Lionel Carter (comp. & ed.)

This is the third volume in a series which provides the texts of the Fortnightly Reports sent by the Governors of the United Provinces to the Viceroy. Other key documents sent by the Governors or their Secretaries are also included. The volume covers the last ten months of the first Congress Ministry in the U.P. and the last eleven months of Sir Harry Haig’s term as Governor. 110 documents are printed in total.

1939 was a very disturbed year in the U.P. with a marked increase in communal tension and violence. The Muslim League was growing in strength as well as bodies like the Mahasabha, Youth League and Forward Bloc. The Ministry itself was destabilised as a result of pressure from the left-wing elements within a Congress and the dissatisfaction of the wider electorate.

In September war broke out between Britain and Germany. The volume documents how the negotiations to try to secure Congress cooperation were viewed from the U.P. The negotiations were unsuccessful and in November the Ministry resigned and the Governor took charge of the province.

For more than ten years, Lionel Carter was a member of the team (led by Nicholas Mansergh) which produced the British Government’s series of Documents on the Transfer of Power to India, 1942-1947. From 1980 until 1999, Carter served as Secretary and Librarian of the Centre of South Asian Studies at the University of Cambridge.

ISBN  978-81-7304-868-5    2010   420p.   Rs.1050/ pounds 60

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United Provinces’ Politics 1938: Congress in Mid-Term: Governors’ Fortnightly Reports and other Key Documents

United Provinces’ Politics 1938: Congress in Mid-Term: Governors’ Fortnightly Reports and other Key Documents

By- Lionel Carter (comp. and ed.)

This is the second volume in a series which provides the texts of the Fortnightly Reports sent by the Governors of the United Provinces to the Viceroy. Other key documents sent by the Governors or their Secretaries are also included. There are 97 items in total.

Congress had been in power in the UP for just under six months when this volume opens and within a further six weeks a crisis had arisen over the release of political prisoners. The Ministers submitted their resignations on 15 February 1938 but with compromise and diplomacy on all sides they had returned to office ten days later.

Thereafter the Congress Ministry concentrated on a wide-ranging programme of legislative and administrative reform at the centre of which was a bill for tenancy reform. As the year progressed leftward pressures and communal difficulties increased and the Governor became concerned at the weakened position of the Premier, G.B. Pant.

Editor’s Introduction; Abbreviations; Principal Holders of Office, 1938; Summaries of Documents; Map of the United Provinces; 1. Documents for 1 January–5 March 1938; 2. Documents for 9 March–17 May 1938; 3. Documents for 27 May–16 September 1938; 4. Documents for 26 September–31 December 1938; Appendices; Index.

For more than ten years, Lionel Carter was a member of the team (led by Nicholas Mansergh) which produced the British Government’s series of Documents on the Transfer of Power to India, 1942-1947. From 1980 until 1999, Carter served as Secretary and Librarian of the Centre of South Asian Studies at the University of Cambridge.

ISBN  978-81-7304-840-4    2009   420p.   Rs.1045/ pounds 60

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United Provinces’ Politics (1936-1937): Formation of the Ministries and Start of Congress Government: Governors’ Fortnightly Reports and other Key Documents

United Provinces’ Politics (1936-1937): Formation of the Ministries and Start of Congress Government: Governors’ Fortnightly Reports and other Key Documents

By- Lionel Carter (comp. and ed.)

This is the first volume in a series which provides the texts of the Fortnightly Reports sent by the Governors of the United Provinces to the Viceroy. Other key documents sent by the Governors or their Secretaries are also included. There are 151 items in total.

The subject of this volume is the start of ministerial government in the U.P. Congress, which won a resounding victory in elections held in early 1937, did not immediately take office because of a dispute over the use of the Governor’s special powers. Instead a minority ministry led by the Nawab of Chhatari was sworn in and held office for more than three months. The period is fully covered in the documents printed here. By July, Congress had decided to form a ministry under the leadership of Pandit G.B. Pant. The volume concludes by recording in detail the somewhat troubled first months of Congress rule in the U.P.

For more than ten years, Lionel Carter was a member of the team (led by Nicholas Mansergh) which produced the British Government’s series of Documents on the Transfer of Power to India, 1942-1947. From 1980 until 1999, Carter served as Secretary and Librarian of the Centre of South Asian Studies at the University of Cambridge.

ISBN  81-7304-790-1    2008   418p.   Rs.1045/ pounds 60

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We are as Flexible as Rubber!: Livelihood Strategies, Diversity and the Local Institutional Setting of Rubber Small Holders in Kerala, South India

We are as Flexible as Rubber!: Livelihood Strategies, Diversity and the Local Institutional Setting of Rubber Small Holders in Kerala, South India

By- Balz Strasser


Since the beginning of the 1990s, the Indian natural rubber sector has been affected by trends toward trade liberalization, a reduced role of the State, and organizational reforms. Rubber cultivators in Kerala - around 1 million holders cultivating an average 0.5 ha of rubber plantation - have been affected by these processes in different ways. It is hypothesized that growers - especially the ones located in agro-ecologically marginal rubber areas- are coping with these changes with diversified income-generating strategies. This book suggests a new perspective on these coping processes with the development of a typology of rubber growers based on their income-generating strategies. The book shows that the different types of holdings have specific management strategies and ways of dealing with risks. Furthermore, there is evidence that specific local institutions and organizations can hinder and/or support the income generation of these different types of holdings.




Balz Strasser is an agro-economist combining scientific knowledge with hands-on experience on farming systems, market development and policy frameworks for improving rural livelihoods in developing countries. This book is based on his PhD thesis written at the Human Geography Department of the University of Zurich. Since 2008 he is working as Managing Director of Pakka Trade in Switzerland.




ISBN  978-81-7304-803-6    2009   276p.   Rs.695/ pounds 50

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Water and State in Europe and Asia

Water and State in Europe and Asia

By- Peter Borschberg and Martin Krieger (eds)

Water is indispensable for all life on earth. Since ancient times, the control of fresh-water resources and also the sea facilitated the rise of communal structures and administrative institutions across Europe and Asia. Many states tightened their authority by creaming off agriculutral surpluses from irrigated lands. The more effective the irrigational systems, the higher state revenues tended to be. For much of the twentieth century, research on such community-based irrigation was dominated by Karl August Wittfogel’s discourse on ‘Hydraulic Despotism’.

Seaborne empires could flourish as a result of their commercial success and naval strength. For such maritime polities indispensable facets of statehood included military power at sea, successful control of marketplaces and domination of maritime trading routes. The control of waterways and channels was of great strategic importance, such as notably the Danish Sound or the Malacca Straits.

Water and State in Europe and Asia brings together established as well as younger experts from Asia and Europe to explore the interdependence of water and state formation on both continents. Hermann Kulke, Peter Borschberg, Ranabir Chakravarti, S. Jeyaseela Stephen, Martin Krieger and Maitrii Aung-Thwin contribute case-studies on Asia to the volume such as on the Bay of Bengal, North and South India and South-East Asia. Investigating the European perspective. Horst Wernicks, Jens E. Olesen, Karel Davids, Allan I. Macinnes, Salvatore Ciriacono and Andreas Klinger exhaustively study the Hanseatic League the North and Baltic Sea regions the Mediterranean as well as waterways within continental Europe. The individual papers contribute to shaping a virtual global image of water being a major stimulus of the emergence of state-power.

  

Peter Borschberg is Associate Professor in the Department of History at the National Univesity of Singapore. He has published on trade, diplomacy and colonial politics in early modern South-East Asia.

Martin Krieger is Lecturer of early modern history at the Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald (Germany). His major areas of interest are economic cultural and environmental history. He has published on North German and North European as well as on Indian
colonial history.

ISBN  81-7304-776-6    2008   290p.   Rs.875/ pounds 45

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Village Communities and Land Tenures in Western India Under Colonial Rule

Village Communities and Land Tenures in Western India Under Colonial Rule

By- Brahma Nand (ed.)

The two documents Report on the Village Communities of the Deccan by R.N. Gooddine (1852) and Character of Land Tenures and System of Survey and Settlement in the Bombay Presidency by J. Moneteath (1914) presented in this volume explore the nature of village communities and land tenures under British rule in western India. The portrayal of village communities in the existing writings as static and unchanging institutions and as tax-gathering tools for the state or redistributive agencies of social surplus is extremely inadequate and unsatisfactory for the correct understanding of the functioning of these institutions.

Originating in deep antiquity, they have to be seen as a complex and dynamic ensemble of social relations. Unlike Russian obschina, Indian village communities were not premised upon the principles of egalitarianism but arose to cope with the competing and conflicting claims of various groups and classes to the social surplus.

Village communities were grounded in the hierarchical foundations of the rural societies and tried to institutionalize the existing social disparities. They began to crumble under the impetus of market economy and the increasing intervention of the colonial state when the process of class polarization went beyond this institutionalized limit. Also, the continuous restructuring of social relationships reflected in the changing tenurial patterns accumulating by slow degrees resulted in the long-run in ultimately dislocating the existing social structure. The historical records show that the central contention of the neo-imperialist writings regarding the fundamental continuity between the pre-colonial and colonial social structure is not sustainable.

Brahma Nand has worked for more than quarter of a century on the problems relating to the agrarian economy and society in western India under colonial rule.

ISBN  978-81-7304-820-3    2009   250p.   Rs.750/ pounds 45

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Tribal Crop-Livestock Systems in South-East India

Tribal Crop-Livestock Systems in South-East India

Das Kornel

The book, Tribal Crop-Livestock Systems in South-East India, as the title implies describes the related practices followed in undivided Koraput district, in Orissa. There are 51 different communities who live here. They survive largely on marginal farming and animal husbandry.

The study covers communities living in different territories, hills and plains, some very primitive and some slightly advanced. The tribal groups studied are Bhattra, Kondh, Bondo, Dongria Kondh, Koya, Sabara, Bodo Poraja, Sano Poraja and Bhumia. A short enthnographic note and agriculture practices of each of these tribes has also been included. The magico-religious rites associated with agriculture, as well as the tribal cooperative agriculture labour, where still it exists, have been described.

The tribal crop-livestock farming system has been classified and described under sections, such as Backyard Farming System, Life Support Crop Farming System, Scarcity Period and Food Resources, Famine Saviour Plant System, Slash and Burn (Podu) Cultivation System and Mixed Species Animal Husbandry System. The successful intensive agriculture system
followed by Kondh under rain fed condition and the vegetable grower Mali under limited land and irrigation facilities have been described. The understanding of the existing system can be utilized to build sustainable food production system for those who are in a transitional stage of development.

The author has tried to present the book, as a practical manual through many interesting photographs and sketches and changes observed during the last three decades in agriculture and animal husbandry in the area has been documented carefully.

Das Kornel, presently Programme Coordinator to Indo-Swiss NRM Project in Orissa, had served for ten years as DANIDA Advisor for Integrated Livestock Development Project, working in tribal villages of Koraput district in Orissa.

ISBN  81-7304-668-9    2009   288p.   Rs.725/ pounds 45

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